GÜMÜŞ TƏRKİBLİ ORTODONTİK STRUKTURLARININ ÖRTÜKLƏRİ VƏ GÜMÜŞ NANOHƏSSİCİLƏRİ İLƏ YUYULMALAR: ÇIXARILA BİLƏN VƏ SƏBƏST CİHAZLARLA ORTODONTİK MÜALİCƏ ZAMANI AGIZ MİKROBİOTASINA VƏ İLTİHABI MÜKOZA ZƏDƏLƏNMƏLƏRİNƏ TƏSİR (ƏDƏBİYYAT İCMALI)
Annotasiya
Müalicə zamanı çıxarıla bilən və sabit ortodontik cihazların istifadəsi retensiya zonalarının əmələ gəlməsinə, diş biofilminin yetkinləşməsinin sürətlənməsinə və nəticədə iltihabi periodontal xəstəliklərin, selikli qişa zədələnmələrinin və karioz zədələnmələrin əmələ gəlməsi riskinin artmasına səbəb olur. Buna görə də, son illərdə diş biofilmini idarə etmək üçün gümüş əsaslı yanaşmalar fəal şəkildə öyrənilmişdir, o cümlədən: (1) ortodontik elementlərdə (lövhələr, arx məftilləri, ligaturalar) gümüş və nanogümüş örtüklərin istifadəsi və (2) ənənəvi antiseptiklərə alternativ və ya tamamlayıcı olaraq gümüş nanohissəciklər (AgNP) olan durulama məhlullarının istifadəsi. Bu icmal, çıxarıla bilən və sabit ortodontik cihazları olan xəstələrdə gümüş tərkibli texnologiyaların mikrob kolonizasiyasına və klinik gigiyena/iltihab göstəricilərinə təsiri ilə bağlı son məlumatları sistemləşdirir, diqqət Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus və Fusobacterium spp.-a yönəlmişdir. Təsir mexanizmləri, sübut bazasının məhdudiyyətləri, mikrobioloji metodlardakı fərqlər və sonrakı tədqiqatlar üçün istiqamətlər müzakirə olunur (Sycińska-Dziarnowska M., 2024; Wang N., 2023; Ren X., 2023).
##article.full_articles##
##article.generated_from_xml##
Biblioqrafik istinadlar
1. Metin-Gürsoy G, Taner L, Akca G. Nanosilver coated orthodontic brackets: in vivo antibacterial properties and ion release. Eur J Orthod. 2017; 39 (1) : 9 - 16. doi:10.1093/ejo/cjv097. PMID:26787659.
2. Wang N, Yu J, Yan J, Hua F. Recent advances in antibacterial coatings for orthodontic appliances. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2023;11:1093926. doi:10.3389/fbioe.2023.1093926. PMID:37107889.
3. Sycińska-Dziarnowska M, et al. Use of Antimicrobial Silver Coatings on Fixed Orthodontic Appliances, Including Archwires, Brackets, and Microimplants: A Systematic Review. Med Sci Monit. 2024;30:e944255. doi:10.12659/MSM.944255. PMID:38843112.
4. Schubert A, et al. Antibacterial coating of orthodontic elastomeric ligatures with silver and bismuth nanofilms by magnetron sputtering: A feasibility study. Clin Exp Dent Res. 2024;10(2):e864. doi:10.1002/cre2.864. PMID:38433291.
5. Raghav P, et al. [AgNP mouthwash vs chlorhexidine vs placebo in fixed orthodontics: randomized clinical trial]. Dental Press J Orthod. 2025. doi:10.1590/2177-6709. PMID:40197941.
6. Ali A, Ismail H, Amin K. Effect of nanosilver mouthwash on prevention of white spot lesions in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment: a randomized double-blind clinical trial. J Dent Sci. 2022;17:249-255. doi:10.1016/j.jds.2021.03.016. PMID:35028045. PMCID:PMC8739266.
7. Soheilifar S, et al. Chlorhexidine mouthrinse outcomes and adverse effects in orthodontic patients: randomized clinical trial. 2021. PMID:34049835.
8. Deus FP, Ouanounou A. Chlorhexidine in dentistry: pharmacology, uses, and adverse effects. Int Dent J. 2022;72(3):269-277. doi:10.1016/j.identj.2022.02.003. PMID:35287956.
9. Bącela J, Łabowska MB, Detyna J, Zięty A, Michalak I. Functional Coatings for Orthodontic Archwires-A Review. Materials (Basel). 2020;13(15):3257. doi:10.3390/ma13153257. PMID:32707959.
10. Patano A, et al. White Spots: Prevention in Orthodontics-Systematic Review of the Literature. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023;20(8):5608. doi:10.3390/ijerph20085608. PMID:37107890.
11. Lucchese A, Gherlone E. Prevalence of white-spot lesions before and during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. Eur J Orthod. 2013;35(5):664-668. doi:10.1093/ejo/cjs070. PMID:23045306.
12. Julien KC, Buschang PH, Campbell PM. Prevalence of white spot lesion formation during orthodontic treatment. Angle Orthod. 2013;83(4):641-647. doi:10.2319/071712-584.1. PMID:23289733.
13. Sundararaj D, Venkatachalapathy S, Tandon A, Pereira A. Critical evaluation of incidence and prevalence of white spot lesions during fixed orthodontic appliance treatment: A meta-analysis. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2015;5(6):433-439. doi:10.4103/2231-0762.167719. PMID:26759794.
14. Thao PNN, et al. Silver nanoparticle mouthwash in orthodontic patients: randomized clinical trial. 2025. PMID:40821232.
15. Soundarajan S, et al. Mouthwashes in orthodontic patients: systematic review and/or network meta-analysis. 2023. PMID:37796050.
16. Kozak U, et al. Changes in distribution of dental biofilm after insertion of fixed orthodontic appliances. 2020. PMID:32368040.
17. Perkowski K, et al. Examination of oral biofilm microbiota in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2019. PMID:31232051.
18. Sanz-Orrio-Soler I, et al. [Candida colonization in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances: longitudinal study]. 2020. PMID:33262874.
19. Rodríguez-Rentería M, Márquez-Preciado R, Ortiz-Magdaleno M, Bermeo-Escalona J, Sánchez-Vargas LO. Frequency of Pathogenic Microorganisms in Removable Orthodontic Appliances and Oral Mucosa in Children. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2021;45(2):135-139. doi:10.17796/1053-4625-45.2.11. PMID:33951170.
20. Liu P, Liu Y, Wang J, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Xiao S. Detection of Fusobacterium nucleatum and fadA adhesin gene in patients with orthodontic gingivitis and non-orthodontic periodontal inflammation. PLoS One. 2014;9(1):e85280. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0085280. PMID:24416378. PMCID:PMC3887018.
21. Yin IX, et al. [Silver nanomaterials and caries prevention: review]. 2020. PMID:32440117.
22. Noronha VT, et al. Silver nanoparticles in dentistry: applications and safety. 2021. PMID:33801230.
23. Mei L, et al.Effects of fixed orthodontic appliances on cariogenic bacteria / plaque accumulation]. 2017. PMID:28133715.
24. Yassaei S, et al. Orthodontic materials with silver nanoparticles: antimicrobial effects. 2021. PMID:34884339.
25. Buschang PH, et al. Orthodontic appliances and oral health related outcomes. 2019. PMID:15825788.
26. Gorelick L, Geiger AM, Gwinnett AJ. Incidence of white spot formation after bonding and banding. Am J Orthod. 1982;81:93-98. PMID:6758594.
27. Brightman LJ, et al. Effects of a 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthrinse on orthodontic patients aged 11 through 17. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1991;100:324-329. PMID:1927982.
28. Atack NE, Sandy JR, Addy M. Periodontal and microbiological changes associated with the placement of orthodontic appliances. A review. J Periodontol. 1996;67:78-85. doi:10.1902/jop.1996.67.2.78. PMID:8600360.
29. Lundström F, Krasse B. Streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli frequency in orthodontic patients: The effect of chlorhexidine treatments. Eur J Orthod. 1987;9:109-116. PMID:3473157.
30. Gehlen A, et al. Chlorhexidine effects on Streptococcus mutans in orthodontic patients: clinical study. 2000. PMID:10682411.
31. Blöcher S, Frankenberger R, Hellak A, Schauseil M, Roggendorf MJ, Korbmacher-Steiner HM. Effect on enamel shear bond strength of adding microsilver and nanosilver particles to the primer of an orthodontic adhesive. BMC Oral Health. 2015;15:42. doi:10.1186/s12903-015-0024-8. PMID:25887896. PMCID:PMC4374300.
32. Degrazia FW, Leitune VCB, Garcia IM, Arthur RA, Samuel SMW, Collares FM. Effect of silver nanoparticles on the physicochemical and antimicrobial properties of an orthodontic adhesive. J Appl Oral Sci. 2016;24(4):404-410. doi:10.1590/1678-775720160190. PMID:27556213. PMCID:PMC4990371.
33. Ren X, Zhang Y, Xiang Y, Hu T, Cheng R, Cai H. The efficacy of mouthwashes on oral microorganisms and gingivitis in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Oral Health. 2023;23(1):204. doi:10.1186/s12903-023-02920-4. PMID:37024817. PMCID:PMC10077628.
34. Niu M, Lee JJ, Hwang G, Chung CH, Wolff MS, Zheng Z, Li C. Usage of Silver Nanoparticles in Orthodontic Appliances. Materials (Basel). 2025;19(1):115. doi:10.3390/ma19010115. PMID:41515782.
35. Lee JJ, Kim J, Hwang G, Chung CH, Wolff MS, Zheng Z. Usage of Silver Nanoparticles in Orthodontic Bonding Reagents: Antibacterial Properties and Potential Side Effects. J Funct Biomater. 2025;16(7):244. doi:10.3390/jfb16070244. PMID:40710458.
2. Wang N, Yu J, Yan J, Hua F. Recent advances in antibacterial coatings for orthodontic appliances. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2023;11:1093926. doi:10.3389/fbioe.2023.1093926. PMID:37107889.
3. Sycińska-Dziarnowska M, et al. Use of Antimicrobial Silver Coatings on Fixed Orthodontic Appliances, Including Archwires, Brackets, and Microimplants: A Systematic Review. Med Sci Monit. 2024;30:e944255. doi:10.12659/MSM.944255. PMID:38843112.
4. Schubert A, et al. Antibacterial coating of orthodontic elastomeric ligatures with silver and bismuth nanofilms by magnetron sputtering: A feasibility study. Clin Exp Dent Res. 2024;10(2):e864. doi:10.1002/cre2.864. PMID:38433291.
5. Raghav P, et al. [AgNP mouthwash vs chlorhexidine vs placebo in fixed orthodontics: randomized clinical trial]. Dental Press J Orthod. 2025. doi:10.1590/2177-6709. PMID:40197941.
6. Ali A, Ismail H, Amin K. Effect of nanosilver mouthwash on prevention of white spot lesions in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment: a randomized double-blind clinical trial. J Dent Sci. 2022;17:249-255. doi:10.1016/j.jds.2021.03.016. PMID:35028045. PMCID:PMC8739266.
7. Soheilifar S, et al. Chlorhexidine mouthrinse outcomes and adverse effects in orthodontic patients: randomized clinical trial. 2021. PMID:34049835.
8. Deus FP, Ouanounou A. Chlorhexidine in dentistry: pharmacology, uses, and adverse effects. Int Dent J. 2022;72(3):269-277. doi:10.1016/j.identj.2022.02.003. PMID:35287956.
9. Bącela J, Łabowska MB, Detyna J, Zięty A, Michalak I. Functional Coatings for Orthodontic Archwires-A Review. Materials (Basel). 2020;13(15):3257. doi:10.3390/ma13153257. PMID:32707959.
10. Patano A, et al. White Spots: Prevention in Orthodontics-Systematic Review of the Literature. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023;20(8):5608. doi:10.3390/ijerph20085608. PMID:37107890.
11. Lucchese A, Gherlone E. Prevalence of white-spot lesions before and during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. Eur J Orthod. 2013;35(5):664-668. doi:10.1093/ejo/cjs070. PMID:23045306.
12. Julien KC, Buschang PH, Campbell PM. Prevalence of white spot lesion formation during orthodontic treatment. Angle Orthod. 2013;83(4):641-647. doi:10.2319/071712-584.1. PMID:23289733.
13. Sundararaj D, Venkatachalapathy S, Tandon A, Pereira A. Critical evaluation of incidence and prevalence of white spot lesions during fixed orthodontic appliance treatment: A meta-analysis. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2015;5(6):433-439. doi:10.4103/2231-0762.167719. PMID:26759794.
14. Thao PNN, et al. Silver nanoparticle mouthwash in orthodontic patients: randomized clinical trial. 2025. PMID:40821232.
15. Soundarajan S, et al. Mouthwashes in orthodontic patients: systematic review and/or network meta-analysis. 2023. PMID:37796050.
16. Kozak U, et al. Changes in distribution of dental biofilm after insertion of fixed orthodontic appliances. 2020. PMID:32368040.
17. Perkowski K, et al. Examination of oral biofilm microbiota in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2019. PMID:31232051.
18. Sanz-Orrio-Soler I, et al. [Candida colonization in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances: longitudinal study]. 2020. PMID:33262874.
19. Rodríguez-Rentería M, Márquez-Preciado R, Ortiz-Magdaleno M, Bermeo-Escalona J, Sánchez-Vargas LO. Frequency of Pathogenic Microorganisms in Removable Orthodontic Appliances and Oral Mucosa in Children. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2021;45(2):135-139. doi:10.17796/1053-4625-45.2.11. PMID:33951170.
20. Liu P, Liu Y, Wang J, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Xiao S. Detection of Fusobacterium nucleatum and fadA adhesin gene in patients with orthodontic gingivitis and non-orthodontic periodontal inflammation. PLoS One. 2014;9(1):e85280. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0085280. PMID:24416378. PMCID:PMC3887018.
21. Yin IX, et al. [Silver nanomaterials and caries prevention: review]. 2020. PMID:32440117.
22. Noronha VT, et al. Silver nanoparticles in dentistry: applications and safety. 2021. PMID:33801230.
23. Mei L, et al.Effects of fixed orthodontic appliances on cariogenic bacteria / plaque accumulation]. 2017. PMID:28133715.
24. Yassaei S, et al. Orthodontic materials with silver nanoparticles: antimicrobial effects. 2021. PMID:34884339.
25. Buschang PH, et al. Orthodontic appliances and oral health related outcomes. 2019. PMID:15825788.
26. Gorelick L, Geiger AM, Gwinnett AJ. Incidence of white spot formation after bonding and banding. Am J Orthod. 1982;81:93-98. PMID:6758594.
27. Brightman LJ, et al. Effects of a 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthrinse on orthodontic patients aged 11 through 17. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1991;100:324-329. PMID:1927982.
28. Atack NE, Sandy JR, Addy M. Periodontal and microbiological changes associated with the placement of orthodontic appliances. A review. J Periodontol. 1996;67:78-85. doi:10.1902/jop.1996.67.2.78. PMID:8600360.
29. Lundström F, Krasse B. Streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli frequency in orthodontic patients: The effect of chlorhexidine treatments. Eur J Orthod. 1987;9:109-116. PMID:3473157.
30. Gehlen A, et al. Chlorhexidine effects on Streptococcus mutans in orthodontic patients: clinical study. 2000. PMID:10682411.
31. Blöcher S, Frankenberger R, Hellak A, Schauseil M, Roggendorf MJ, Korbmacher-Steiner HM. Effect on enamel shear bond strength of adding microsilver and nanosilver particles to the primer of an orthodontic adhesive. BMC Oral Health. 2015;15:42. doi:10.1186/s12903-015-0024-8. PMID:25887896. PMCID:PMC4374300.
32. Degrazia FW, Leitune VCB, Garcia IM, Arthur RA, Samuel SMW, Collares FM. Effect of silver nanoparticles on the physicochemical and antimicrobial properties of an orthodontic adhesive. J Appl Oral Sci. 2016;24(4):404-410. doi:10.1590/1678-775720160190. PMID:27556213. PMCID:PMC4990371.
33. Ren X, Zhang Y, Xiang Y, Hu T, Cheng R, Cai H. The efficacy of mouthwashes on oral microorganisms and gingivitis in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Oral Health. 2023;23(1):204. doi:10.1186/s12903-023-02920-4. PMID:37024817. PMCID:PMC10077628.
34. Niu M, Lee JJ, Hwang G, Chung CH, Wolff MS, Zheng Z, Li C. Usage of Silver Nanoparticles in Orthodontic Appliances. Materials (Basel). 2025;19(1):115. doi:10.3390/ma19010115. PMID:41515782.
35. Lee JJ, Kim J, Hwang G, Chung CH, Wolff MS, Zheng Z. Usage of Silver Nanoparticles in Orthodontic Bonding Reagents: Antibacterial Properties and Potential Side Effects. J Funct Biomater. 2025;16(7):244. doi:10.3390/jfb16070244. PMID:40710458.
Müəlliflər
Qasımova Z.V., Tağızadə R.K., & Musayeva A.B. (2026). GÜMÜŞ TƏRKİBLİ ORTODONTİK STRUKTURLARININ ÖRTÜKLƏRİ VƏ GÜMÜŞ NANOHƏSSİCİLƏRİ İLƏ YUYULMALAR: ÇIXARILA BİLƏN VƏ SƏBƏST CİHAZLARLA ORTODONTİK MÜALİCƏ ZAMANI AGIZ MİKROBİOTASINA VƏ İLTİHABI MÜKOZA ZƏDƏLƏNMƏLƏRİNƏ TƏSİR (ƏDƏBİYYAT İCMALI). Azərbaycan Pediatriya Jurnalı, 6(1), 11–17. https://doi.org/10.28942/apj.v6i1.39
Copyright (c) 2026 Azərbaycan Pediatriya Jurnalı
Bu iş mövcuddur Lisenziyalar Creative Commons «Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives» ("Attribution - Non-Commercial Use - No Derivatives") 4.0 Dünya Çapında .